171a Bifunctional Monolithic Catalysts for User Defined Fischer Tropsch Products

Tomasz Wiltowski, Adam Campen, Debalina Dasgupta, and Agnieszka Konieczny. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Energy Processes, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901

The paper presents the results of use of a novel bi-functional catalyst loaded on a monolithic structure to simultaneously achieve FT synthesis products from syngas along with the cracking of higher chain waxy hydrocarbons. The basic idea of the process is to use an innovative design of a monolithic structure loaded with two catalysts (Fe-based (Zn/K modified) FT catalyst and zeolite cracking catalyst) that produces liquid hydrocarbon fuels. The methodology for the preparation of the bi-functional catalysts and the effects of process parameters on the product spectrum are presented. The effect of the FT synthesis catalysts alone and those used along with the cracking catalyst on the resulting hydrocarbon chain length is presented. The optimal design of the catalysts such that they have the maximum selectivity to the beneficial reactions while maintaining their structure and activity is also presented. The optimal operating conditions (temperature, pressure, flowrates) for maximum conversion and selectivity is also identified. The experiments were conducted in the temperature range between 200 and 450oC, total pressures between 0 and 25 bar and feed compositions (H2:CO) from 1:1 to 2:1. Generally, increasing both temperature and pressure yields the higher syngas conversion. On the hand, increasing the flowrate (decreasing contact time) yields the lower conversions. When using the FT catalysts alone, it was found that the the product distribution is independent of the reaction temperature in the range tested. However, an increase in pressure increased the relative proportion of higher hydrocarbons. The hydrocarbon product distribution clearly shifted towards shorter carbon chain hydrocarbons when both cracking catalysts and the FT catalyst were used in the same reactor. In addition, CO2 selectivity was found to be lowered in the case when cracking catalyts were used.