KJ8056: Chemical Sensors and Biosensors

KJ8056: Kjemiske og biologiske sensorer / Chemical Sensors and Biosensors

This subject is tought at Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU ), Department of Chemistry, NO-7491 Trondheim, NORWAY

Course Details
Lectures: Fall semester, 2 hours a week. Teaching language: English. Oral examination. Credits: 7.5 ECTS.

Course Lecturer
Florinel Gabriel BANICA
Tel.: +(47) 73 59 69 57
E-mail: F.Banica(a)chem.ntnu.no
Office: Realfagbygget, Room D2-127

SITE CONTENTS

A short presentation of the topic
Pensum/Syllabus
Reading Material
Periodicals
Web sites dedicated to Chemical Sensors

What a chemical sensor is expected to be

A chemical sensor is a self contained probe that provides in real time information about the chemical composition of its surroundings.

To this end, it has to perform two functions:

Recognition (sensing), which consists of a specific interaction with a component of the sample (analyte). More>>

Transduction, which represents the ensuing modification of a physical property, that can be converted into a measurable physical signal (electrical, optical, etc.). The signal is further employed for assessing the analyte concentration. More>>

An example: the glass electrode is able to recognize the hydrogen ion by selective ion exchange and gives rise to a membrane electric potential that is a function of hydrogen ion concentration.

What a chemical sensor looks like?

Analogy

Advantages of chemical sensors

Substitution of standard analytical procedures by fast detection and analysis using dedicated sensors;
Automation of the analysis and monitoring of chemical quantities;
Field analysis by means of portable instruments

Applications

Industry: process analytical chemistry;
Environment: automatic monitoring of chemical pollution
Biomedical Science: fast and/or in vivo monitoring of drugs and biologically important compounds (e.g. O₂, CO₂ and glucose content in blood)
Food industry and Biotechnology: automatic control of chemical parameters,such as pH, O₂and CO₂ content, or nutrient concentration.

An application: Measuring pH in meat

Measuring pH in slaughtered meat is a good way to monitor product quality. A lance-shaped ISFET probe (Sentron), with a large handle for good grip, is an ideal solution for fast, accurate and most of all, safe measurements. More>>

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SYLLABUS

Main sections

Electrochemical sensors
Biosensing - General Aspects
Fiber-Optic Chemical Sensors
Microgravimetric Sensors and Acoustic Devices
Solid-state Gas Sensors

Detailed Table of Contents

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READING MATERIAL

F.G. Banica, KJ 8056: Kompendium / Lecture Notes.
B.R. Eggins, Chemical sensors and biosensors, Wiley, New York, 2002.
G. Ramsay (Ed.), Commercial biosensors: applications to clinical, bioprocess, and environmental samples, Wiley, New York 1998.

Other relevant texts

D. Diamond (Ed.), Principles of chemical and biological sensors, Wiley, New York, 1998.
T.E. Edmonds (Ed.) Chemical sensors, Blackie, Glasgow, 1988.
J. Cooper, T. Cass (Eds), Biosensors: a practical approach, Oxford University Press, 2004.
W. Göpel, J. Hesse and J. N. Zemel, Sensors: a comprehensive survey: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, Weinheim. Vol. 6. Chemical and biochemical sensors. Part 1 (1991); Vol. 8: Chemical and biochemical sensors. Part 2 (1992).
A. E. G. Cass (Ed.), Biosensors: a practical approach, IRL Press, Oxford 1990.
F. W. Scheller and F. Schubert, Biosensors, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1992.
A. P.F. Turner, I. Karube, and G. S. Wilson (Eds.), Biosensors : fundamentals and applications, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1987.
A. J. Cunningham, Introduction to bioanalytical sensors, Wiley, New York, 1998.
U. E. Spichiger-Keller, Chemical sensors and biosensors for medical and biological applications, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998 .

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PERIODICALS

Papers on chemical and biological sensors are regularly published in all the major Analytical Chemistry journals. The following journals are dedicate exclusively to this topic:
Sensors and Actuators. B, Chemical (Elsevier Science)
Biosensors and Bioelectronics (Elsevier Science)
IEE Sensors Journal
Sensor Letters (American Scientific Publishers)
Sensors (A free, on line journal)
Sensors Update (Wiley)